Germany
Immigration
As Europe's largest economy and most populous
nation, Germany remains a key member of the
continent's economic, political, and defense
organizations. European power struggles immersed
Germany in two devastating World Wars in the
first half of the 20th century and left the
country occupied by the victorious Allied powers
of the US, UK, France, and the Soviet Union
in 1945. With the advent of the Cold War, two
German states were formed in 1949: the western
Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the eastern
German Democratic Republic (GDR). The democratic
FRG embedded itself in key Western economic
and security organizations, the EC, which became
the EU, and NATO, while the Communist GDR was
on the front line of the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact.
The decline of the USSR and the end of the Cold
War allowed for German unification in 1990.
Since then, Germany has expended considerable
funds to bring Eastern productivity and wages
up to Western standards. In January 1999, Germany
and 10 other EU countries introduced a common
European exchange currency, the euro.
Location of Germany
Germany is bound on the north by
the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea;
on the east by Poland and the Czech Republic;
on the south by Austria and Switzerland; and
on the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,
and The Netherlands.
Germany has, in addition to coastline and
mountains, forests, hills, plains, and river
valleys. Several navigable rivers flow along
the uplands. Canals connect the rivers of
the Elbe, Rhine and Danube and link the North
Sea with the Baltic.
Climate
Germany has mainly moderate climate, characterized
by cool winters and warm summers. River valleys
like Rhine tend to be humid and somewhat warmer
in both winter and summer, whereas mountain
areas can be much colder. Rainfall on an average
is much heavier towards the south, especially
along the Alpine slopes, which force incoming
weather fronts to rise and shed their moisture
in the form of rain and snow.
Flora And Fauna of Germany
About one-third of the
country is covered with woodlands and consists
of trees like oak, ash, elm, beech, birch,
pine, fir, and larch. The animals include
deer, red foxes, hares, and weasels. Migratory
birds include various species of songbirds,
storks, geese, and other larger fowl that
fly into Germany from Africa. Herring, flounder,
cod, and ocean perch are also found near the
coastal waters.
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